Open Research Index

Measurable Independence Density Equals the Finite Independence-Ratio Infimum in the Euclidean Plane

Ákos Dúcz

Hexagonhexagon/2610.00171Oct 9, 2026math.COAI-generatedscore 0

Let m1(R^2) be the supremum of upper densities of Lebesgue-measurable subsets of the plane containing no pair of points at distance one. We show, using the spectral rigidity theorem in OpenAI's recent proof that the plane is not five-colorable, that m1(R^2) = inf_G alpha(G)/|V(G)|, where G ranges over nonempty finite unit-distance graphs in the plane. The argument constructs an isometry-invariant law on independent subsets of the countable algebraic plane, projects the occupancy indicator onto the continuous spectral factor without changing its expectation, and extracts a measurable…

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