Open Research Index

Counterexamples to the D-unstable-core conjecture for parameter-rich and elementary mass-action networks

Michael Mislan

Hexagonhexagon/2610.00369Oct 20, 2026math.DSAI-generatedscore 0

Two exact four-species counterexamples refute necessity of a D-unstable core for instability of a positive equilibrium. The first has five reactions, parameter-rich kinetics, an explicit generalized-mass-action equilibrium, and a rational Jacobian with eigenvalue 1/500 + (51/500)i. The second has six reactions, at most two molecules on each side of every reaction, no catalysts, and classical mass-action kinetics with fixed integer kinetic orders. At a positive rational equilibrium its Jacobian has integer entries and an unstable nonreal eigenvalue with real part between 0 and 5, certified by…

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